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What Is the Norplant Birth Control Implant?
The Norplant implant is a long-acting, reversible contraceptive that prevents pregnancy for up to five years.
Inserted just beneath the skin of your upper arm, Norplant slowly releases levonorgestrel, a type of progestin hormone, which stops ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to block sperm from reaching the egg.
Approved by the FDA in the 1990s, Norplant was one of the first implantable contraceptives and paved the way for modern options like Nexplanon and Jadelle.
How Does Norplant Work?
Each Norplant set contains six small silicone capsules, each filled with levonorgestrel. Once implanted, these capsules continuously release the hormone into your bloodstream — starting at about 85 micrograms per day and tapering to 30 micrograms by the end of five years.
Mechanisms of action:
- Prevents ovulation (no egg released)
- Thickens cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to travel
- Thins the uterine lining, reducing the chance of implantation
How Effective Is Norplant?
Norplant is over 99% effective, with fewer than 1 pregnancy per 100 users each year — making it one of the most reliable forms of reversible contraception.
It begins working within 24 hours if inserted during the first seven days of your menstrual cycle.
Who Should Consider Norplant?
Norplant may be a great choice if you:
- Want long-term contraception without remembering daily pills
- Can’t use estrogen-based birth control (such as combined oral contraceptives)
- Prefer a reversible and maintenance-free method
- Are planning for pregnancy in the future but want years of protection now
Tip: Norplant is ideal for busy professionals or new parents who want reliable, low-maintenance birth control.
Possible Side Effects
While most users tolerate Norplant well, side effects can occur, especially during the first few months.
Common side effects:
- Spotting or irregular periods
- Headaches or dizziness
- Breast tenderness
- Mild weight gain or mood changes
- Pain, redness, or swelling at the insertion site
Serious (less common) side effects — seek medical attention if you experience:
- Heavy or prolonged bleeding
- Pelvic pain or abdominal cramping
- Signs of infection at the implant site
Insertion and Removal Process
A trained healthcare provider inserts all six capsules under the skin of your upper inner arm using a small incision. The process usually takes about 15 minutes and requires only local anesthesia.
The capsules are placed in a fan-like pattern for even hormone release and easy removal.
After five years, your provider will remove or replace them through a similar, brief procedure.
Interactions with Other Medications
Certain medications can reduce Norplant’s effectiveness — especially some seizure medications and antibiotics. Examples include:
- Phenytoin
- Carbamazepine
- Rifampin
Always discuss your medication list with your provider before starting Norplant or any hormonal contraceptive.
Norplant vs. Other Implants
Here’s how Norplant compares to newer implant options:
Ready to Talk Birth Control?
At BASS Medical Group, our Primary Care and OB-GYN providers help patients choose the right contraceptive for their needs. Whether you’re considering Norplant, Nexplanon, or another method, our team provides compassionate, confidential care.
Schedule an appointment with a BASS provider to discuss your birth control options today.
FAQs
1. How long does Norplant last?
Norplant provides protection for up to five years before removal or replacement is needed.
2. Is Norplant reversible?
Yes. Fertility typically returns within weeks after the implants are removed.
3. Can I feel the Norplant under my skin?
You may feel the small rods under the skin of your upper arm, but they shouldn’t cause discomfort once healed.
4. How effective is Norplant compared to the pill?
Norplant is more than 99% effective, while oral contraceptives average 91% effectiveness with typical use.
