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Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins often seen just beneath the surface of the skin, typically in the legs and ankles. These veins may appear as blue or purple cords, and can cause symptoms like:
- Aching or heaviness in the legs
- Swelling in the calves or ankles
- Skin discoloration
- Tenderness or warmth to the touch
What Causes Varicose Veins?
Varicose veins are caused by venous insufficiency, a condition where blood doesn't flow properly back to the heart. This occurs when vein valves malfunction, allowing blood to flow backward and pool in the veins—known as venous reflux.
This reflux causes veins to swell and twist. Valve failure can result from:
- Prior blood clots
- Damage to the veins
- Vein dilation that prevents valves from closing properly
Common Risk Factors
Several factors increase your risk of developing varicose veins:
- Family history (the strongest predictor)
- Pregnancy
- Obesity
- Prolonged standing, especially due to occupation
- History of blood clots
Complications of Untreated Varicose Veins
If left untreated, varicose veins can lead to:
Blood clots
Slow-moving blood thickens and increases clot risk, particularly in superficial veins.
Ankle wounds (venous ulcers)
Pooling blood raises pressure in the lower legs, damaging skin and eventually causing open, slow-healing wounds near the ankles.
Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce your risk of these serious complications.
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Treatment Options: How Varicose Veins Are Treated
Since vein valves cannot be repaired, treatment focuses on closing the affected vein to redirect blood flow to healthier ones.
The most common and effective method is:
Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)
- Minimally invasive, outpatient procedure
- No general anesthesia required
- A catheter delivers heat inside the vein, sealing it shut
- Blood is naturally rerouted through healthy veins
This method addresses the source of venous reflux, which reduces the chance of recurrence.
Expert Vein Care at BASS Medical Group
At BASS Medical Group, our vascular specialists use the latest techniques—including RFA and venous closure therapies—to help patients manage varicose veins safely and effectively.
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